
Optimasi Pembuatan Kitosan Dari Cangkang Kepiting Bakau (Scylla Spp.) Melalui Suhu Deasetilasi Yang Berbeda
Pengarang : Surianti - Personal Name;
Perpustakaan UBT : Universitas Borneo Tarakan., 2018XML Detail Export Citation
Abstract
Kitosan Berasal Dari Proses Deasetilasi Kitin Yang Banyak Terdapat Pada Cangkang Crustacea Seperti Kepiting. Tujuan Penelitian Ini Menentukan Suhu Yang Optimal Pada Proses Pembuatan Kitosan Cangkang Kepiting Bakau (Scylla Spp.) Terhadap Karakteristik Kitosan. Penelitian Ini Dilaksanakan Pada Bulan Februari Sampai April 2017. Proses Ekstraksi, Analisis Fisik Dan Kimia Cangkang Kepiting Bakau Dilakukan Di Laboratorium Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Prosedur Kerja Penelitian Yaitu Persiapan Alat Dan Bahan, Ekstraksi Kitosan, Analisis Fisik Dan Kimia Serta Analisis Data. Penelitian Terdiri Atas 6 Perlakuan Yaitu 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C Dan 145°C Dengan 3 Kali Ulangan. Hasil Penelitian Menunjukkan Bahwa Kitosan Yang Paling Baik Memiliki Derajat Deasetilasi Paling Tinggi Sebesar 35,05% Yang Diperoleh Dengan Menggunakan Suhu Pada Proses Deasetilasi 145°C. Nilai Rendemen Sebesar 32,71%,Nilai Kadar Air Sebesar 2,00%, Dan Nilai Kadar Abu Sebesar 23,49%. Perbedaan Suhu Tidak Memberikan Pengaruh Yang Nyata Pada Rendemen, Kadar Air Dan Kadar Abu (P < 0,05). Mutu Kitosan Yang Dihasilkan Masih Berada Dibawah Standar Baku Yang Telah Ditetapkan Badan Standardisasi Nasional, 2013.
Kata Kunci: Cangkang, Scylla Spp., Kitosan, Derajat Deasetilasi
Chitosan Was Stated From The Chitin Deacetylation Process Which Has In Crustacea Shell Likes Crab. The Purpose Of This Research Is To Determine The Optimal Temperature In The Chitosan Process Of Mangrove Crab (Scylla Spp.) Shell With The Chitin Characteristics.This Research Had Been Conducted In February To April In The Year Of 2017. The Process Of Extraction Physical Analysis And Mangrove’s Crab Shell Chemistry Had Been Analyzed In The Marine Science And Fisheries Faculty Of Borneo University Tarakan. In Addition, The Research Instruments Being Evaluated Were The Chitosan Extractions, Physical Analysis Of Chemistry And Data Analysis. This Research Was Composed 6 Treatments Of Temperature. There Were 120°C, 125°C, 130°C, 135°C, 140°C And 145°Cwith 3 Times Evaluation. This Result Proves That The Chitosan Is The Highdeacetylation Degrees With 35,05% Being Used The Temperature Of Deacetylation Process 145°C. The Of Rendemen Was 32,71%, The Water Content 2,00%, And The Of Ash Content Was 23,49%. The Differences Temperature Was Not Given The Real Influencerendemen Of Water And Ash Content (P < 0,05). The Quality Of Chitosan Produced Is Still Below The Standard Set By The National Standard Agency, 2013. Keywords: Shell, Scylla Spp., Chitosan, Deacetylation Degrees