
Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional Suku Dayak Kenyah Di Kecamatan Kayan Selatan Kabupaten Malinau Dan Potensinya Sebagai Materi Tambahan Dalam Pembelajaran Biologi
Pengarang : Ripka - Personal Name;
Perpustakaan UBT : Universitas Borneo Tarakan., 2024XML Detail Export Citation
Abstract
Suku Dayak Kenyah sampai saat ini masih memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai obat tradisional. Inventarisasi tumbuhan obat tradisional merupakan upaya pelestarian tumbuhan yang berpotensi sebagai obat. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pemanfaatan tumbuh-tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat oleh Suku Dayak Kenyah di Kecamatan Kayan Selatan Kabupaten Malinau dan Potensinya sebagai Materi Tambahan dalam Pembelajaran Biologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, eksplorasi dan identifikasi, studi pustaka, dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan sebanyak 34 jenis tumbuhan obat yang tergolong dalam 21 famili. Bagian organ tumbuhan yang digunakan adalah daun, akar, batang, biji, buah, rimpang, dan umbi. Cara pengolahan dengan cara direbus, diparut, ditumbuk, diremas, diasapkan/dipanggang, diseduh, diperas, dihaluskan dan tanpa diolah dan cara penggunaan yaitu diminum, dimakan langsung, dan dikumur. Jika penyakit di luar tubuh, penggunaannya langsung digosok, diusap, dioles, ditempelkan, dikompres, dimandikan. Khasiat/manfaat tumbuhan obat adalah untuk menambah darah, memulihkan tenaga, sakit perut, kram perut, demam, batuk, mimisan, sakit gigi, cacingan, benjolan, tumor, tekanan darah tinggi, kolestrol, asam urat, liver, maag, malaria, gula darah tinggi, reumatik, stroke, batu ginjal, kencing darah, usus buntu, bisul, gatal dan bengkak, panu, luka, pemulihan pasca melahirkan, dan keguguran. Jenis-jenis tumbuhan obat, bagian organ tumbuhan obat, cara pengolahan dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat, khasiat/manfaat tumbuhan obat ada potensinya dijadikan materi pelajaran biologi sesuai dengan Kompetensi dasar 3.3 Mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri divisio dalam dunia tumbuhan dan peranannya bagi kelangsungan hidup di bumi.
Kata kunci: Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional, Suku Dayak Kenyah, Pembelajaran Biologi
Plants are still used as traditional medicine by the Dayak Kenyah people. An endeavour to conserve plants with therapeutic potential is the inventory of traditional medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to ascertain the potential of the plants used as addtional material in biology learning and their usage as medicine by the Dayak Kenyah Tribe in Kayan Selatan District, Malinau Regency. This research employed qualitative descriptive research design. Data collection was collected through literature reviews, interviews, identification and investigation, and documentation. The study’s findings revealed 34 different kinds of medicinal plants grouped into 21 groups. The plant organ parts that were utilized included the leaves, stems, roots, seeds, fruits, rhizomes, and tubers. Drinking, eating straight from the container, and gargling are the methods of use; processing methods include boiling, grating, pressing, kneading, smoking/roasting, brewing, squeezing, and mashing. It is applied directly by rubbing, wiping, spreading, adhering, compressing, and washing if the illness is external to the body. The properties/benefits of medicinal plants are to increase blood, restore energy, stomach ache, stomach cramps, fever, cough, nosebleed, toothache, worms, lumps, tumors, high blood pressure, cholesterol, gout, liver, ulcers, malaria, high blood sugar, rheumatism, stroke, kidney stones, and blood in the urine, appendicitis, boils, itching and swelling, tinea versicolor, wounds, postpartum recovery, and miscarriage. Types of medicinal plants, parts of medicinal plant organs, how to process and utilize medicinal plants, properties/benefits of medicinal plants have the potential to be used as biology learning materials in accordance with Basic Competency 3.3 Describe the characteristics of divisions in the plant world and their role in the survival of life on earth. Keywords: Traditional Medicinal Plants, Dayak Kenyah Tribe, Biology Learning