
Analisis Kesuburan Tambak Budidaya Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) Sistem Tradisional Di Kecamatan Tarakan Barat, Kota Tarakan
Pengarang : Putri Ayu - Personal Name;
Perpustakaan UBT : Universitas Borneo Tarakan., 2024XML Detail Export Citation
Abstract
Tambak merupakan media budidaya air payau yang digunakan untuk pembesaran udang yang berlokasi di wilayah pesisir. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan budidaya udang di tambak adalah kesuburan kualitas air, tanah dan biologi (plankton). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kesuburan tambak budidaya udang windu sistem tradisional di Kecamatan Tarakan Barat Kota Tarakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu membandingkan BM berdasarkan Permen KP. No. 75 tahun 2016, Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 21 Tahun 2015. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan maret-mei 2024 pada tambak udang windu di Kecamatan Tarakan Barat. Tambak udang windu yang digunakan penelitian sebanyak 3 petak tambak dan setiap petak diambil sampel air, sedimen dan plankton sebanyak 3 (tiga) ulangan. Parameter kualitas air tambak yang diukur yaitu suhu, pH, salinitas, alkalinitas, kecerahan, nitrat, fospat, kalium, dan oksigen terlarut, sedangkan parameter tanah yaitu pH, fospat, nitrat, dan kalium, serta perhitungan kelimpahan plankton, keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel kualitas air dan tanah tambak seperti amonia, fospat, dan alkalinitas, pH tanah, fospat tanah dan kalium tanah tidak memenuhi standar baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Hasil perhitungan kelimpahan plankton berjumlah 23 individu dengan perincian fitoplankton berjumlah 16 individu dan zooplankton berjumlah 7 individu. Indeks keanekaragaman plankton termasuk kategori sedang, indeks keseragaman plankton termasuk kategori dari tidak merata dan merata, sedangkan indeks dominansi termasuk kategori tidak ada jenis yang mendominasi. Status kesuburan air tambak udang windu berdasarkan unsur hara nitrat dan fospat termasuk kategori kesuburan rendah dan subur.
Kata Kunci: Kesuburan Tambak, Kualitas Air, Plankton
Ponds are brackish water aquaculture media used for shrimp farming in coastal areas. One of the factors that determine the success of shrimp farming in ponds is the fertility of the water quality, soil, and biology (plankton). The purpose of this study was to analyze the fertility of the traditional tiger shrimp farming ponds in the West Tarakan District, Tarakan City. This research uses a descriptive method that compares BM based on Permen KP. No. 75 of 2016, Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing No. 21 of 2015. Sampling through the purposive sampling technique. This study was conducted in March-May 2024 on tiger shrimp ponds in West Tarakan District. Tiger shrimp ponds were used in the study as many as 3 ponds, and each plot was sampled with water, sediment, and plankton as many as 3 (three) replicates. Pond water quality parameters measured are temperature, pH, salinity, alkalinity, brightness, nitrate, phosphate, potassium, and dissolved oxygen. In contrast, soil parameters are pH, phosphate, nitrate, and potassium, and the calculation of plankton abundance, diversity, uniformity, and dominance. The results showed that water and soil quality variables such as ammonia, phosphate, alkalinity, soil pH, soil phosphate, and soil potassium did not meet the set quality standards. The results of the plankton abundance calculation amounted to 23 individuals, with details of phytoplankton amounting to 16 individuals and zooplankton amounting to 7 individuals. The Plankton diversity index was categorized as moderate, the Plankton uniformity index was categorized as uneven and evenly distributed, and the dominance index was categorized as no dominant species. The water fertility status of tiger shrimp ponds based on nitrate and phosphate nutrients is categorized as low fertility and fertile. Keywords: Pond Fertility, Water Quality, Plankton