Penggunaan sabun untuk mencuci tangan meningkat sejak covid 19 hingga memasuki masa new normal. Inovasi pembuatan produk sabun terus dikembangkan salah satunya paper soap berbahan nanopartikel kitosan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan ukuran nanopartikel dari kitosan cangkang kepiting bakau (Scylla sp.) serta menentukan formulasi terbaik dari paper soap antibakteri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriftif kuantitatif untuk menentukan ukuran nanopartikel kitosan, pH, kadar air, alkali bebas, dan organoleptik. Aktivitas antibakteri paper soap menggunakan analysis of variant pada selang kepercayaan 95% dengan satu faktor yaitu penambahan nanopartikel kitosan pada taraf 0%; 0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75%; 1% dan 2 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran nanopartikel kitosan cangkang kepiting bakau 67,07 nm. Paper soap konsentrasi 0%; 0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75%; 1% menghasilkan nilai pH berkisar 9.18-9.27 sesuai dengan SNI yaitu 4-10. Kadar air paper soap berturut-turut yaitu 18,25, 20,25, 22,5, 32 dan 35,25. Kadar alkali bebas berkisar 0,003-0,01 % sesuai SNI sebesar 0,14%. Nilai organoleptik semua konsentrasi memiliki aroma jasmine dan menunjukkan warna putih kekuningan. Paper soap berbasis nanopartikel kitosan mampu menghambat aktivitas bakteri gram positif Staphylococcus aureus dan menghasilkan zona bening sebesar 3.5± 0.70 mm, 5±0 mm, 14±0.70 mm, 10.25±0.35 mm, 10.75±2.47 mm. Konsentrasi 0,5% terbukti efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Dan gram negatif Echerichia coli menghasilkan zona bening sebesar 4.50 ± 0.00 mm, 5.00 ± 0.00 mm, 9.75± 1.06 mm, 11.50 ± 4.24 mm, 7.50± 0.00 mm. Konsentrasi 0,75% terbukti efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Echerichia coli. Aktivitas antibakteri nanopartikel kitosan pada penelitian ini termasuk kategori lemah hingga kuat. Paper soap nanopartikel kitosan dari cangkang kepiting bakau yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan standar SNI dan terbukti mampu menghambat aktivitas bakteri.


Kata kunci: antibakteri, cangkang kepiting bakau, Echerichia coli, nanopartikel kitosan, paper soap, Staphylococcus aureus

The used of hand washing soap has increased since the COVID-19 pandemic until entering the new normal period. innovations in making soap product continue to be developed, one from of development of which is paper soap made from chitosan nanoparticles. the aim of this research was to obtain the nanoparticle size of mangrove crabs (Scylla sp.) shell chitosan and determine the best formulation of antibacterial paper soap. The reseacrh method used was descriptive quantitative to now the size of chitosan nanoparticles, pH, water content, free alkali, and organoleptics. the antibacterial activity of paper soap analyzed using analysis of variance at a significance lavel of 95% with one factor adding chitosan nanoparticles at the 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% levels with twice repetitions. the result showed that the size of chitosan nanoparticles from mangrove crab shells was 67.07 nm. paper soap with 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% concentrations produced a pH value ranging from 9.18-9.27 in accordance with SNI, namely 4-10. The water content of paper soap is 18.25, 20.25, 22.5, 32, and 35,25 respectively. Free alkali content ranges from 0.003-0.01% according to SNI of 0.14%. The organoleptic value of all concentrations has a jasmine aroma and shows a yellowish-white color. paper soap based on chitosan nanoparticles is able to inhibit the activity of gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and produce clear zones of 3.5± 0.70 mm, 5±0 mm, 14±0.70 mm, 10.25±0.35 mm, 10.75±2.47 mm. A concentrations of 0.5% was proven to be effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Gram-negative Escherchia coli produces clear zones of .50 ± 0.00 mm, 5.00 ± 0.00 mm, 9.75± 1.06 mm, 11.50 ± 4.24 mm, 7.50± 0.00 mm. A concentration of 0.75% was proven to be effective in inhibiting the growth of Escherchia coli bacteria. The antibacterial activity of chitosan nanoparticles in this study was categorized as weak to strong. Chitosan nanoparticle paper soap from mangrove crab shells was produced in accordance with SNI standards and was proven to be able to inhibit bacterial activity. Keywords: Antibacterial, Mangrove Crab Shell, Escherchia Coli, Chitosan Nanooparticles, Paper Soap, Staphylococcus aureus