Salah Satu Alternatif Yang Dapat Dilakukan Untuk Pengembangan Tanaman Jagung Dengan Memanfaatkan Lahan Marginal, Diantaranya Adalah Lahan Masam. Untuk Menghadapi Permasalahan Lahan Masam Salah Satunya Dengan Perakitan Varietas Yang Mampu Bertahan Dengan Baik Terhadap Tanah Masam, Melalui Pemuliaan Tanaman. Perakitan Varietas Unggul Memerlukan Populasi Dasar Yang Memiliki Keragaman Genetik Tinggi, Selain Keragaman Genetik Nilai Heritabilitas Dan Kemajuan Genetik Juga Diperlukan Dalam Proses Perakitan Varietas.
Penelitian Ini Bertujuan Untuk Mengetahui Keragaman Genetik Dan Kemajuan Genetik Karakter Jagung Populasi S3 Pada Lahan Masam. Dilaksanakan Pada Bulan September Sampai Desember 2017 Di Lahan Petani Jalan Juata Laut Kecamatan Tarakan Utara. Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Metode Penelitian Menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Dengan 10 Perlakuan Dan 3 Ulangan. Perlakuan Dalam Penelitian Ini Adalah Genotip Jagung Populasi S3 Yang Terdiri Dari 10 Genotip. Analisis Data Dilakukan Menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis Of Varians). Berdasarkan ANOVA Dilakukan Pendugaan Nilai KKG Dan KKF, Heritabilitas Arti Luas, Dan Kemajuan Genetik Harapan Untuk Beberapa Karakter Jagung Yaitu Tinggi Tanaman, Jumlah Daun Tinggi Letak Tongkol, Panjang Tongkol, Diameter Tongkol, Jumlah Baris Biji Per Tongkol Dan Bobot Biji Per Tongkol.
Hasil Penelitian Menunjukkan 10 Genotip Jagung Populasi S3 Yang Di Tanam Pada Lahan Dengan PH 4.3 Memiliki Keragaman Genetik Dan Fenotip Tergolong Sempit Dan Luas Untuk Karakter-Karakter Yang Diamati. Karakter Yang Memiliki Keragaman Genetik Luas Yaitu, Tinggi Letak Tongkol, Jumlah Baris Biji Per Tongkol Dan Bobot Biji Per Tongkol. Sedangkan Karakter Lainnya Memiliki Keragaman Genetik Sempit. Untuk Keragaman Fenotip, Karakter Yang Memiliki Keragaman Fenotip Luas Yaitu, Bobot Biji Per Tongkol, Karakter Lainnya Dengan Kriteria Sempit. Selain Keragaman Genetik Dan Fenotip, Hasil Penelitian Juga Menunjukkan Nilai Heritabilitas Dan Kemajuan Genetik Berkisar Rendah Sampai Sedang. Karakter Yang Memiliki Nilai Heritabilitas Dan Kemajuan Genetik Sedang Adalah, Jumlah Baris Biji Per Tongkol. Berdasarkan Keragaman Genetik, Keragaman Fenotip, Nilai Heritabilitas Dan Kemajuan Genetik, Maka Karakter Yang Dapat Dijadikan Kriteria Seleksi Pada Penelitian Ini Adalah, Jumlah Baris Biji Per Tongkol, Dengan Metode Seleksi Massa.

One Alternative That Can Be Used To Cultivate Corn Is Utilizing Marginal Land, Such As Acid Soils. To Deal With The Acid Problem, One Method That Can Be Done Is Expand Corn Varieties That Can Survive In Acid Soils By Means Of Plant Breeding. Breeding Superior Varieties Requires A Basic Population Which Has High Genetic Diversity, Moreover, Heritability Value And Genetic Advance Are Needed In Breeding Variety Process. This Study Aims To Determine The Genetic Diversity And Genetic Advance Of Corn Character Of S3 Population On Acid Soils. This Study Was Conducted From September To December 2017 On The Farm Land At Juata Laut Street, North Tarakan District, North Kalimantan Province. The Research Method Used Was Randomized Block Design (RBD) With 10 Treatments And 3 Replications. The Treatment In This Study Was The Corn Genotype S3 Population Consisting Of 10 Genotypes. Data Analysis Was Performed Using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA). Based On ANOVA, The Estimation Of KKG And KKF Values, Broad Mean Heritability, And Genetic Advance Are Expected For Several Characteristics Of Corn, Namely Plant Height, Number Of High Leaves On Cob, Ear Length, Ear Diameter, Number Of Rows Of Seeds, And Weight Of Seeds. Results Of This Study Showed That 10 Corn Genotypes Of S3 Population Was Cultivated On Land With PH Of 4.3 Had Genetic Diversity And The Phenotype Was Relatively Narrow And Broad For The Observed Characters. The Characters Which Have Broad Genetic Diversity, Namely Location Of Cob, Number Of Rows Of Seeds Per Ear And Seed Weight Per Ear, Meanwhile, Other Characters Have Narrow Genetic Diversity. For The Diversity Of Phenotype, The Characters Which Have Broad Phenotype Diversity Are Seed Weight Per Ear, And Other Characters Which Have Relatively Narrow Criterias. In Addition To Genetic Diversity And Phenotype, The Results Also Showed Heritability Value And Genetic Advance Ranging From Low To Moderate Value. Characters That Have A Heritability Value And Moderate Genetic Advance Are The Number Of Rows Of Seeds Per Ear. Based On Genetic Diversity, Phenotypic Diversity, Heritability Value And Genetic Advance, The Character That Can Be Used As Selection Criteria Is Number Of Rows Of Seeds Per Ear, With The Mass Selection Method.